Treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. In appointing the drug as monotherapy to him quickly and almost always develop viral resistance, so it should always be assigned in combination with at least two other antiretroviral drugs.
Antiviral. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) of HIV-1. Nevirapine is directly connected to the reverse transcriptase (ОT) and blocks RNA-and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase reaction, destroying the catalytic center of the enzyme.
The action of nevirapine is not competitive with respect to the nucleoside and nucleoside triphosphate. The drug does not block the reverse transcriptase of HIV-2 and DNA polymerase of eukaryotes (human DNA polymerase alpha, beta, gamma or delta).
Zyprexa – antipsychotic (neuroleptic).
Provides a reduction of both productive and negative disorders: eliminating delusions, hallucinations, and automatism; reduces the severity of such phenomena as thought disorder, hostility, suspiciousness, emotional and social autism, poverty of speech.
Rarely causes extrapyramidal disorders. It is used to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses (including affective disorders with concomitant); acute manic or mixed episodes in bipolar affective disorder.
About 30% of women At least once during the life of his personal experience learned what a yeast infection (vaginal candidiasis). No need to describe any discomfort brings with it a disorder of women microflora. Thrush cause yeast fungi genus Candida. Ironically, these fungi are part of the normal microflora of virtually everyone. Generic Diflucan (brand name Diflucan full analogue of the company Pfizer) will quickly get rid of this sensitive disease.
Generic Diflucan (Fluconazole) antifungal agents for systemic use, triazole derivative, produces highly selective inhibitor of sterol synthesis in the cells of fungi.
On materials of the newspaper The New York Times, the first such drugs were getting really sick impotent men. By prescription sex life could develop suffering from diabetes, neurological disorders or side effects of antidepressants.
But later the demand for Viagra has increased sharply. First, doctors were no questions asked to prescribe to all who asked. Secondly, there were numerous online pharmacies that offered the anti-impotence drugs without a prescription and delivery.
So expanded range of buyers. The patient is a healthy people who wanted to hedge exciting interview.
Portrait of one of these consumers is described in the New York Times. 41-year-old Chris London (Chris London) lives in New York and worked as a lawyer. One of his business partners once said that he could not work properly with a man, if before that they did not have sex. London was the least discouraged by this statement, but agreed to meet after work. On the advice of an acquaintance Doctor his excitement he won “Viagra”, quietly swallowed in the bathroom.
Simply put, “Viagra”, “Levitra” and “Cialis” buy now everybody wants to be sure of their sexual opportunities, regardless of circumstances. Manufacturers of drugs at the same time emphasize that eating or drinking does not affect their performance.
According to psychologists, the need “Viagra” and its analogues in the first place is the residents of large cities. The sexual revolution has meant that increasingly, sexual contact occurred between unfamiliar people. For example, colleagues, met at a party or an ad on the Internet.
At the same time in the minds of most people is the image of the ideal man, always ready for sex and willing thereof. Trying to conform to this view, men take the pill secretly, as mentioned above, Chris London. Entering the bedroom with a blush on the cheeks – a common side effect of “Viagra” – they complain about the heat and stuffiness. And in the morning often hide as they suffer from headaches.
As notes The New York Times, these tablets are often drunk and gay men. Both lovers are doing it secretly, each other, and then together experiencing the same side effects.
The drug Viagra, used to treat erectile dysfunction in mature men are increasingly finding use among young people. Today, young people are using Viagra as a drug for a good pastime. The popularity of drugs among young people, as a means to increase sexual capacity and sensations, and not to fight erectile dysfunction becomes truly horrifying proportions. This is doubly dangerous, because the simultaneous reception of Viagra drugs can have serious consequences for health. Viagra safe drug, especially for young, healthy men. In healthy men side effects are usually minor and transient, such as headache, flushing of the face, nasal congestion, and slight impairment. A much more serious consequences may be taking Viagra with drugs such as the popular «Ecstasy», or that much more dangerous, with amyl nitrate or simultaneously with the popular sexual stimulant “poppers” buyout, by the way, is not a drug, since these substances as well as Viagra, lowers blood pressure and as a result, a sharp drop in blood pressure can lead to unconsciousness or even death.
Today, many of those who are concerned about this issue, think, can we consider a company Pfizer, manufacturer of Viagra, responsible for the situation.
Reason for concern really is. According to statistics from 1998 to 2002, the number of men in the age of 45 who use Viagra, tripled. This indicates that Viagra is used as a means to enhance sexual capacity, and not as a medicine. Thus, we can talk about that today, Viagra is rather a category of drugs, rather than the category of drugs.
The fact that today’s young people think they need Viagra, alarming in itself, but more disturbing is the fact that Pfizer does very little in order to limit sales of Viagra, for purposes not related to the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Given the potential danger posed by the proliferation of Viagra among youth, we see that Pfizer should pay more attention to informing young people about the consequences of taking Viagra with drugs.
Description drug Propecia:
“Finasteride” (the patented name Propecia http://www. propecia.com) – medication for the treatment of male type of baldness (ITO) – the only means to treat logistics as approved by the Administration for food and medicines (APPLP) for use by prescription only.
Several years of investigation and use of the drug for more than one million patients show that finasteride is designed for long-term use, it is effective and safe in the treatment of MTO, regardless of nationality.
Description Levitra:
Commercial (proprietary) name: Levitra
International (nonproprietary) name: Vardenafil
Pharmacological action: By blocking the enzyme fosfodiesterazu type 5 (PDE-5), under the influence of which is split cGMP, Levitra, thereby providing enhancement of endogenous NO in the cavernous bodies, resulting in the ability of the drug enhances the natural response to sexual stimulation. The clinical effect is realized before reaching Smax. Getting action after oral administration of 20 mg and 10 mg starts in 10 minutes, allowing an erection sufficient for penetration and successful completion of intercourse at 34 and 40% of patients with mild to moderate mild erectile dysfunction, respectively. After 25 min, respectively, the effect occurs in 53% and 50% of patients, which coincides with the beginning of the emergence of drug in the blood and the rapid growth of its concentration. Duration – 8-12 hours
Pharmacokinetics: Levitra is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. TCmax – 30-120 min. Absolute bioavailability – 15%. When receiving a diet containing no more than 30% fat, pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, TCmax, AUC) are not changed. Simultaneous treatment with a diet containing high fat (57%), reduces the rate of absorption (TCmax increased to 60 min), Cmax decreased by 20% without a significant change in AUC. Vardenafil and its major metabolite (M1) is well bound to plasma proteins (up to 95%), and this property is reversible and not dependent on the total concentration of the drug. 90 min after administration of oral vardenafil in semen found no more than 0.00012% of the dose. Is metabolized predominantly hepatic oxidases with cytochrome P450 isozymes CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 and CYP2C9. T1 / 2 – 4-5 h, the main metabolite M1 – 4 h. The total clearance – 56 l / h. We derive mainly from the stool in the form of metabolites (91-95%), to a lesser extent the kidneys (2-6%). Older men (over 65 years) compared with young men (18-45 years) a significant reduction of hepatic clearance is not marked. On average, Cmax and AUC in the elderly increased by 34 and 52% respectively. Patients with small (QA over 55-80 ml / min) renal insufficiency changes of pharmacokinetic parameters were observed, with moderate (QA over 30-50 ml / min) and severe (less than 30 ml / min) renal insufficiency AUC increased by 20 — 30%. Patients on hemodialysis, pharmacokinetics of vardenafil has not been studied. In patients with hepatic insufficiency (Child class of scale-Pyuga) Cmax and AUC after oral administration of 10 mg increased to 22 and 17% respectively (1.2 times) with moderate hepatic impairment (class B on the scale of Child-Pyuga) Cmax and AUC increased by 130 and 160% respectively (2.6 times). Pharmacokinetics was not studied in patients with severe hepatic insufficiency (class C on the scale of Child-Pyuga).
Indications: Levitra is designed to enhance potency in men suffering from erection disorders (erectile dysfunction), including the extreme form of erectile dysfunction – impotence. These disturbances lacked sufficient for sexual intercourse erection or weak erection.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, simultaneous reception of organic nitrates or other LAN emitting NO, alpha-blockers. Severe hepatic insufficiency, renal disease in the terminal stage, requiring dialysis, hypotension (systolic blood pressure at rest less than 90 mm Hg. St), recent myocardial infarction or stroke (within the past 6 months), unstable angina, the hereditary degenerative disease of the retina ( including retinitis pigmentosa). Age 16 years.
Dosage regimen: inside, regardless of the meal. Initial recommended dose – 10 mg for 25-60 minutes before sexual intercourse. Can be taken at any time during the period from 4-5 h up to 25 minutes before sexual activity. The maximum recommended frequency of admission – 1 times per day. To be effective requires a sufficient level of sexual stimulation. Depending on the efficacy and tolerability the dose may be increased to 20 mg or decreased to 5 mg per day. The maximum daily dose – 20 mg. Corrections dosing regime in elderly patients is not required. Patients with severe hepatic insufficiency insignificant correction dosing regime is not required. In patients with moderate hepatic impairment initial dose – 5 mg per day. In the future, depending on the efficacy and tolerability of treatment dose can be increased to 10 mg and then to 20 mg. Patients with mild and moderate renal insufficiency correction dosing regime is not required.
Side effects:
More than 10%: headache, hot flushes blood to the skin.
Frequent (1-10%): dyspepsia (including nausea), dizziness, nasal congestion.
Infrequent (0.1-1%): increase of blood pressure, photosensitivity reaction.
Rare (0.01-0.1%): reduction of blood pressure, increased muscle tone, priapism.
Cautions: Due to the fact that sexual activity is associated with some degree of deterioration in the flow of cardiovascular disease, before making an appointment at the treatment of erectile dysfunction is necessary to assess the state of the cardiovascular system of the patient.
Interaction: Inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (cimetidine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, indinavir, ritonavir) may decrease the clearance of vardenafil (if joint application with these drugs should not exceed the dose of vardenafil 5 mg / day). In a joint application with the CYP3A4 inhibitor erythromycin did not exceed the recommended dose of vardenafil 10 mg per day. Concomitant use of alpha-blockers may cause a decrease in blood pressure, so Levitra should be taken no earlier than 6 h after administration of alpha-blockers. There have not been significant pharmacokinetic interactions when co-application of Levitra with glyburide, nifedipine, warfarin and digoxin. In a joint application with warfarin was not observed changes in prothrombin time and clotting factors. In a joint application with the ASC, antacids, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, hypoglycemic LAN (sulfonylureas and metformin), ranitidine pharmacokinetics of vardenafil has not changed. Since PDE inhibitors affect the system NO / cGMP, PDE5 inhibitors may increase the hypotensive effects of nitrates. Monotherapy vardenafilom not inhibit platelet aggregation induced by various platelet agonists. In applying Levitra in concentrations exceeding therapeutic, there was a slight dose-dependent increase antiagregatsionnogo effect of sodium nitroprusside, singling NO. With caution the anatomic deformity of the penis (curved, cavernous fibrosis or Peyronie’s disease), diseases that predispose to the development of priapism (sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, or leukemia), the tendency to bleeding, peptic ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer in the acute stage.
Overdose: Symptoms: pain in the back with no signs of toxic effects on muscle and nervous system. Treatment: symptomatic. Not output through hemodialysis.
Hungarian company «Gedeon Richter» has more than a century of experience in the pharmaceutical market and has gained high prestige in the world. Company is engaged in manufacture of medicines, marketing of finished drugs, active substances and intermediates, as well as research activities in the field of pharmaceuticals for humans. Over the years the success of «Gedeon Richter» became the largest in Central and Eastern European producer of drugs.
Currently «Gedeon Richter» has offices and subsidiaries in 35 countries. The company produces about a hundred kinds of pharmaceuticals in more than 170 forms. We constantly update our product range, developing dosage forms and create entirely new drugs.
Every year, Pfizer provides more than 150 million people worldwide with high quality, efficient and reliable pharmaceutical products in 11 therapeutic areas, including diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Some of the drugs by the company are the only approved drugs against a number of serious diseases.
Pfizer Animal Health is the world’s largest company, produces medicines for animals.
Company Pfizer was founded in 1849 in Brooklyn, now the parent company is headquartered in New York. For a half century, Pfizer became the leader of the world pharmaceutical market.
About 100 thousand employees working in 150 countries.
Replacement “Cialis”-soft, or otherwise generic, are in a class of inhibitors of nitric oxide and their pharmacological effect is identical to the effects on the body of the original drug. Generic “Cialis” soft-considered to be as effective as the original tablets and at the same time to acquire them is more appropriate from an economic point of view. For the current reagent in both types of tablets is the same chemical – tadalifil.
The exposure on the body is due to the increasing intensity of blood flow in the corpus cavernosum penis, thus fulfilling a long and sustained erection.
